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Tableaux from c^^labama 
Histori] 



Based on 

History Stories of .>^labama 

bi^ nirs. Pitt Lamar Mattheips 



Copijnqhted 1922, by Lari;rence Lee, Jr. 



Montgomery, Ala. 
THE3 PARAGON PRESS 

1922 



1-3X.1 



GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS 

I. In making the groupings on the stage it is 
very important that the effect be natural. This 
may be best accomplished by avoiding formal or 
awkward poses. The participants should be group- 
ed so that they seem in action, if the tableau is one 
that should express action. 

II. Cantos, explaining each tableau, follow them 
and are numbered the same as the tableau which 
they explain. 

III. Someone dressed as the Muse of History 
may recite the cantos, indicating the characters 
spoken of. 

IV. It is suggested, at the end of each tableau, 
that a dance be introduced. These dances, while a 
great addition to the beauty of the tableaux, are 
not essential. 

V. An appendix, descriptive of the costumes 
used in each tableau, will be found in the rear. 



'C1.D (UnH9 
(2) 

SEP 23 72 



TABLEAU I: DE SOTO ARRIVES IN 
ALABAMA 

The scene is laid on the hill which later became 
Capitol Hill. Tuscaloosa, a warrior of large stat- 
ure, is standing in front of his throne to greet De 
Soto. His attitude is one of indifference or de- 
fiance rather than friendship. The chief's warriors 
are grouped at the sides and back of his throne. 
The entire tribe is wearing war paint and is dressed 
in full regalia. 

De Soto stands alone at the head of his men. 
Jean Ortiz, a Spaniard, who has lived many years 
with the Indians, is nearest to the Spanish leader. 
The general group of De Soto's men is back of him 
at a short distance from Ortiz. They are not group- 
ed in military formation ; some of them are leaning 
on their weapons, while some stand erect. The 
Spaniards present a very well-groomed appear- 
ance. 

De Soto has a pointed beard and ample musta- 
chios, and his hair falls just below his ears. He is 
wearing a sword. 

Tuscaloosa's throne is made of boughs with grass 
woven in among them. Over the throne are placed 
some skins. As a shade for Tuscaloosa a shield 
is raised on a pole above his throne. This shield 
is oval and is covered with deer skins, which are 
painted with huge stripes. 

An Indian maiden, with a string of beads, ad- 
vances to present them to De Soto. 



(3) 



CANTO I 

Oe Soto, now a visitor 
To Alabama's soil, is lead 
By young Jean Ortiz as a guide. 
Young Ortiz many years has lived 
Among the Indians, and so. 
Can speak their tongue and Spanish too. 
Great Tuscaloosa greets them on 
The hill that later v^ill become 
The bearer of our capitol. 
In dignity that w^ell becomes 
Great chiefs, the two advance to greet 
Each other ; but the Warrior 
Has heard of how De Soto treats 
His hosts, — dark tales have reached his ears 
Of cruel tasks imposed upon 
The natives by the Spanish chief. 
And so the great Black Warrior 
Receives De Soto with disdain. 
The Indian soon after falls 
In combat with the Spanish troops, 
Whose losses are quite heavy too. 
De Soto then continues on 
His march aid later dies of want, 
Not knowing that his name will be 
Recored for all time as our 
Most noted visitor from Spain. 

Note : Here a festival dance may be presented 
by Indian girls and warriors. 



(4) 



TABLEAU II: THE ARRIVAL OF WIVES FOR 
THE MOBILE COLONISTS 

The scene is laid in the newly founded French 
colony at Mobile. The women have just landed and 
the colonists have come out to greet them. Each 
girl has a chest in which her possessions have been 
transported. 

The group of women are led into the settlement 
by four priests, who are immediately followed by 
several Nuns. 

Some of the men of the colony are pulling chests 
into the settlement, while others stand idly watch- 
ing the women coming in. A few friendly Indians 
aid the workers. 

Monsieur and Madame Jousset stand watching 
the new-comers. Madame Jousset has her small 
child in her arms, while other children who are older 
play among the men. 

The priests at the head of the women are of the 
order of the Palatine Monks. Their heads are 
shaven, leaving a bordering fringe of hair. The 
hoods of their robes hang from their shoulders. 
Their robes are grey. 

The priests and the Nuns stand in the attitude 
of giving thanks to God for safe arrival. 

In the background a sentry may be placed at a 
point of vantage. 

The season is early Autumn and some of the men 
are seen bringing in corn, in the rear. Autumn 
flowers may be seen and the shrubbery is Autumnal. 



(5) 



CANTO II 

^Khe ship, stout Pelican, brings wives 

VteX To make the life of colonists 

More bearable. Each girl has brought 

Her treasures in a box, therefore. 

The settlers of Mobile, in sport, 

Dub them "The Ladies of the Chest." 

The sturdy fathers, clad in grey, 

Rejoicing, lead the girls ashore 

And now, with quiet Nuns to aid, 

They offer up their thanks to God 

For safe and speedy voyage here. 

The colonists stand by and watch. 

With smiles, the ladies coming in ; 

But some, more thoughtful than the rest, 

Help bear their wardrobes to the land. 

Madame Jousset, her child held close. 

Delights to see more girls arrive ; 

For she knows well that now the land 

Will gaily echo wedding bells 

And she will have sweet confidantes 

To whisper through an evening with. 

The men that smilingly look on, 

As priests and maids and Nuns all pray, 

Have thoughts of quiet homes and songs 

That gentle women sing from hearts 

That flow with love and tenderness. 

And so, these girls, — the mothers of 

Our Alabama's self, — bring aid 

And hope to weary colonists. 

Note : Here a dance of young men and women 
in diaphanous costumes, suggestive of the Greek 
dress, may be introduced. Wedding bells may be 
heard in the distance and form part of the music. 
The women wear bands of Autumn leaves about 



their loose-flowing hair. 



(6) 



TABLEAU III: THE SIGNING OF PEACE 
WITH THE CREEKS AND SEMINOLES 

The scene is in the hall of Congress in New 
York. President George Washington, on the right, 
and Alexander McGillivray, on the left, are promi- 
nent at center stage. 

At the rear and to the left of Washington stands 
Colonel Willett while behind these two are grouped 
notables of the government. All of the Americans 
are dressed in the colonial statesman'scostume. 

Washington is holding the treaty and a quill pen 
towards McGillivray who has his hand extended 
as though to accept them. 

In the rear of McGillivray the minor Indian 
chiefs are grouped. 

The minor chiefs have on their council robes 
and headdress. 

McGillivray is wearing a trapper's costumes and 
the headdress of the Emperor of Creeks and Semi- 
noles. 

CANTO III 

Che Creeks and Seminoles have caused 
The nation much distress. The shrewd 
McGillivray, their Emperor, 
In youth was schooled quite thoroughly 
At Charleston's best academies, 
And so, to shrewdness adds the aid 
Of learning. But base selfishness 
His talent's better part destroys 
He bends each circumstance to make 
His wealth more great, his rule more strong. 
To serve his ends McGillivray 

(7) 



Has led the Indians against 

The Spanish settlements. To gain 

The Indian trade, the Spaniards r;ive 

McGillivray a colonel's rank. 

The leader next incites his men 

To prey upon Americans. 

George Washington, now President 

Of the new-born United States, 

Sends Willett as ambassador 

To urge McGillivray to leave 

Fair Alabama's realm and see 

The youthful nation's capital. 

McGillivray accepts, and brings 

His chief to parley with the men 

Who guide America's affairs. 

Each leader, with a searching glance, 

The other measures carefully: 

Each tallies, man for man, in wit 

And strength of brain, but Washington 

Thinks not of self but of a cause 

When dealing with McGillivray. 

Therefore, the nation's President, 

With God to aid, outwits the chief 

Of Creeks and Seminoles. 

And now, 
Surrounded by great under-chiefs, . 
McGillivray decides to sign 
The truce that shall insure a peace 
Between the Indians and whites 
And bring to end a bitter war. 

Note : Here a dance, interpretive of the disap- 
pearance of the Indian at the coming of the white 
man, may be introduced. 



(8) 



TABLEAU IV: ALABAMA BECOMES 
A STATE 

The scene is the territorial legislative hall at St. 
Stephens. At the desk of the speaker, Governor 
William Wyatt Bibb is standing. He has a paper 
in his hand and appears to be addressing the men 
seated before him. 

The men seated before him are the eleven repre- 
sentatives and the one legislative councilor (James 
Titus). 

The men are dressed in the clothes of the 19th 
Century statesman. 

CANTO IV 

Che first lawmakers of our land 
In council jointly gather here, 
Within St. Stephens' halls, to draw 
Up plans whereby our woods and fields 
And peopled cities may become 
A young, progressive, growing state. 
The man who speaks with earnest voice, — 
Aware of duties to be done 
And tasks that wait, — is William Bibb, 
First Governor of our young state. 
Before him sit, in silence, men 
Who form the legislative group. 
Eleven representatives 
Compose the House on this first day, 
While Titus, all alone, makes up 
The total of the Senate's share. 
They listen earnestly to Bibb, 
For all well know that states are made 
With toil and prayer and faith and pain ; 

(9) 



They know that men may plan and chance 
May spoil, and so, they pray that God 
May help their hands to guide aright 
The infant steps of this, their land. 
Now time has swept this day aside 
And Alabama stands, a man 
Who's grown to wisdom and to strength ; 
With loins unbound and free before 
The world, — undaunted, unashamed 
In the clean race he runs. 

Note : Here a body of children march in singing 
the song Alabama. In the front is borne a State 
Flag, a Confederate Flag, and a United States Flag. 
The children are dressed in white, except that the 
boys wear red ties and the girls red bows on the 
hair, carrying out the colors of the State Flag. 
Aiter they sing Alabama the group sings Dixie 
and then The Star Spangled Banner . 



(10) 



TABLEAU V: LA FAYETTE'S VISIT TO 
ALABAMA 

Marquis de La Fayette is seen entering, at the 
right, and moving to the left. At the left Governor 
Pickens stands, heading a large crov^d, gathered 
to greet LaFayette. Old men, who fought with 
the French commander, grasp his hand and arms 
and follow him. 

The Marquis is about seventy years old and is 
white haired. He is wearing civilian clothes. 

La Fayette is prominent at the head of the group 
to the right, while Governor Pickens is prominent 
at the head of the group to the left. Soldiers and 
officers of the French and American armies accom- 
pany the visitor, as a guard of honor. A small 
band of fifes and drums are leading them with the 
American and French flags borne before. 

The decorations in red, white and blue are inter- 
spersed with American and French flags and shields. 
These colors are strung overhead above the line of 
march. 

CANTO V 

Bgain comes La Fayette upon 
America's free shore. The man 
Was youthful when he first, to aid 
A cause he knew was just, set foot 
In this, our native land ; but now, 
The battle with the conqueror. Time, 
Has traced itself upon the chief's 
Young face and white shows in his hair. 
The chieftain warmly greets old men. 
Who once, aflame with youth's mad fire, 

(11) 



Into the midst of battle rushed 
With shouting: "Lead! oh, LaFayette, 
We follow ! — On ! against the foe !" 
These men, now weak from age and time, 
Their leader's arms in fondness clasp. 
They call his name and praise the man 
Who aided us to swell our strength 
And gain a nation's name. 

Quite proud 
To greet such noble visitors, 
The Governor awaits with joy 
The Marquis at the mound that bears 
The Alabama Capitol. 
Ere he can leave our native soil, 
Both song and dance and banqueting 
Will show great La Fayette that all. 
With love and joy, greet once again 
A gallant, noble warrior. 

Note : Here a dance of freedom may be intro- 
duced. Young girls dressed in white, flowing dress- 
es, sandals and the red French cap of Liberty and 
bearing wreathed shields are the dancers. 



(12) 



TABLEAU VI: THE INAUGURATION OF 
JEFFERSON DAVIS 

A large crowd is gathered about the steps of the 
Capitol at Montgomery. Jefferson Davis is seen 
standing at the top of the steps, between two col- 
umns. Judge John D. Phelan stands beside him, 
holding a Bible, in the act of administering the 
oath of office. Near these two figures stand Wil- 
liam Lowndes Yancey and Alexandre Stephens. On 
either side of these two figures are grouped the 
President's Cabinet and the Confederate Congress. 

Near the figures of Phelan and Davis, stands Le- 
titia Tyler, holding a folded Confederate flag across 
her arm. The presence of this bright-looking girl 
of sixteen relieves the great solemnity of the occa- 
sion. The reflection from bonfires may be seen 
lighting the sky, while numerous tapers, fixed in 
the capitol windows, burn brightly in the back- 
ground. 

The crowd is composed of men, women, and chil- 
dren of all ages and dressed in the costumes of the 
sixties. 

CANTO VI 

Qow cruel war's aflame throughout 
The land : Our nation's unity 
Is split in twain. The Southern states 
Oppose the Union's strength and form 
Their own Confederacy. 

Now come 
To Alabama's Capitol, 
A host to see great Davis take 
The oath of office as the head 



(13) 



Of their nation's government. 
Aware of the great task that falls 
To him, the President bends low 
To kiss the Bible and to ask 
The aid of God in leading this 
New land's first strides. 

And near him stand 
Both Yancey and young Stephens, deep 
In thought ; while at the right of these 
Letitia Tyler waits, and holds 
With all the pride of sixteen years, 
The first Confederate flag. 
All actions are momentous now 
And foretell much. 

The hour has come 
To serve or break the Union's strength. 
The South strides forth, a god new-sprung 
From plains and hills, to take up arms 
And strike at foes who dare assail 
The rights of men to rule themselves. 

Note: After this tableau a reproduction of the 
Inaugural Ball will afford an opportunity for mag- 
nificent display. 



(14) 



TABLEAU VII: SOME OF ALABAMA'S 
NOTED MEN 

The noted men of Alabama are grouped in a semi- 
circle on the stage. From the audience's left to the 
right they are arranged in approximately chrono- 
logical order. 

Back of each man there is a large shield with the 
seal of Alabama in the center of it. (This seal 
shows an eagle alighting on a reclining United 
States Shield, with four arrows in the claws of his 
left foot and a flying ribbon in his mouth. This rib- 
bon bears the motto: "Here we rest.") These 
shields are connected by streamers of Alabama's 
colors, red and white. 

From left to right the noted men here presented 
are : 

1. Red Eagle (or William Weatherford). 

2. William Rufus King. 

3. General Joseph Wheeler. 

4. Raphael Semmes. 

5. John T. Morgan. 

6. Richmond P. Hobson. 

7. William Crawford Gorgas. 

8. Robert Lee Bullard. 

CANTO VII 

Chis scene presents some of the men. 
Sprung from proud Alabama's loins. 
Whose names with Fame are linked secure. 
They stand, great beacons to the steps 
Of those who strive to gain a place 
Amonsr the leaders of our world. 



(15) 



1. First stands Red Eagle of the Creeks, 
Whose sire was Weatherford, a white. 
This chieftain of the Creeks led forth 
An angry tribe of warriors 

To drive the whites out of his land. 
He led them well, — they fought as braves 
Should fight ; but fought as braves in vain. 
No less in peace than war the great 
Red Eagle led his forces well ; 
And when he knew that further war 
Meant useless death he called his men 
Back from the field and went alone 
To seek a worthy peace. 

2. Here Rufus King, of whom we think 
With greatest pride, since many were 
His deeds before he slipped away 

With Death : For thirty years he served 

Us well as able Senator ; 

Then as a diplomat in France ; 

And last as a vice-president 

Of our United States he made 

Dear Alabama's name more fair. 

So Selma thinks with pride that's just 

Of Rufus King who fathered her. 

3. Next, Wheeler, hero of the war 
Between the states and of our fight 
With Spain. He was a man who lived 
To serve the side he felt was just, 
Although the call to arms first led 

Him 'gainst the stars and stripes and then 
Beneath their folds. Age was the foe 
Who drove him from the battle field. 
For he knew not the pain of Fear 
Or weariness, while there were wars 
To wage in name of Right and Good. 

(16) 



4. Then Semmes, Commander of the fleet 
Which stood to battle with the ships 
Sent by the North. He had but four 

In all his force with which to fight. 
But well he led and worried all 
The navy of the North with quick 
Attacks and swift manoeuvers, well 
Thought out. His navy's strength lay in 
The keenness of his brain and eye, 
Which sent strong ships down-plunging to 
The ocean's dark and hungry depths. 

5. John Tyler Morgan stands the fifth. 
The world hailed Morgan as a force 
Where brain and execution were 

The need. In youth, while others played, 

He taught himself the truths that soon 

Would place him as a leader in 

The ranks of men. He served his state 

With loyal heart and willing hands 

In war against the North, then turned 

His strength to serve the nation as 

A whole as senator. And last 

He served the world by fathering 

The Panama Canal. 

6. And sixth. 
Brave Hobson, hero of the war 

We waged against the pride of Spain. 

He locked the sturdy Spanish fleet 

Upon their Santiago's shore. 

By sinking well a ship across 

The harbour's narrow mouth, at risk 

Of death to himself and comrades. 



(17) 



7. And next great Gorgas who, to aid 
A fever stricken Panama, 

Turned all his brain and heart and strength. 

To clearing well the land of filth. 

Then he gave health to Cuba's host 

And taught the world a lesson in 

The best of sanitation's art. 

His heart was clean, his mind alert 

And so he labored well, 

Then came the day when he had reached 

The rank of Surgeon General. 

8. Now on the right brave Bullard stands, — 
A son who led forth troops against 

The German foe. He said, "Our men 
Won't understand the word retreat ! 
Forward, oh France, but never back !" 
He lent his keenest wits to force 
The Hun to fall, with trembling, back. 
He came bedecked with honor's wreaths 
To Alabama's shores again. 

Note : Here a medley of patriotic songs may be 
sung by girls dressed to represent the various al- 
lied nations. 



(18) 



TABLEAU VIII: ALABAMA IN THE 
WORLD WAR 

The scene is an Alabama city street. A column 
of the Rainbow Division is seen in marching order, 
returning home. Some of the soldiers are waving 
their helmets as they march by. Among the re- 
turned men are some one-armed and some men 
with minor wounds, while among the crowd watch- 
ing are a few men in rolling chairs and some with 
crutches. 

A crowd of men, women and children of all ages 
are watching the returning soldiers. Some have 
their hands raised as though they were waving. 

Built over the street is an arch on which the 
"Rainbow Girls" stand. This arch is covered with 
cloths of several colors and from the arch there are 
streamers of all colors floating. The "Rainbow 
Girls" seem to be throwing roses on the column of 
marching soldiers. 

(If it is not possible to reproduce the "Rainbow 
Arch" the "Rainbow Girls" may be placed at points 
along the way of march.) 

Flags and streamers are hung along the street. 

CANTO VIII 

®ith great rejoicing home again 
Come Alabama's warring sons. 
Some wearing medals won for deeds 
Of valor nobly done. But some 
Return with shattered limbs to face 
An altered world and build new hopes 
On lives made weak by war and pain. 
These men have seen the worst of war 



(19) 



In such encounters as: The Meuse, 
Argonne, Champagne, Chateau Thierry, 
And numerous other bloody scenes. 
They taught the boasted Prussian Guard 
The name of fear and broke the Hun's 
Advance. Then with cold steel they met 
The German face to face and drove 
Him quickly home. 

And now they come 
To taste a well-earned rest and feel 
The glory of a home and love of peace. 
And those, who waited prayerfully 
The long months through, come out to greet 
The men they love. 

But others look. 
With sober eyes : and grieve 
For men who sleep in Flander's fields. 

Note : Here a dance, interpretive of the joy of 
victory, mingled with the sorrow of war and death, 
may be given. Young girls in bright dresses (simi- 
lar in design to the war costumes of the ancient 
Greeks or Romans), wearing the helmet of the old 
Roman's, having on the classinc sandals, and carry- 
ing spears may represent the joy of victory. Girls 
dressed in filmy black drapery and wearing wreaths 
of Spanish moss about their foreheads, represent 
the sorrow which comes with war. Both groups 
wear their hair hanging loose. One group moves 
in and out among the other in this interpretive 
dance. 



(20) 



COSTUMES 

Tableau I. 

De Soto and his men are dressed in the Spanish 
soldier's uniform : high boots, with the broad top ; 
plain or striped doublets ; the smooth steel corse- 
let, without mail sleeves ; the plain underjacket, 
whose sleeves are the only protection to the sol- 
dier's arms ; and the helmet with a pointed visor 
and a crest running from front to rear. 

De Soto and his officers wear swords, while the 
men carry lances. 

The usual form of feathers and war paint of the 
North American Indian are used by Tuscaloosa and 
his tribe. Tuscaloosa has a bright blanket thrown 
about him. 

Tableau II. 

The soldiers in this tableau are dressed similarly 
to the Spaniards in Tableau I, with the following 
exceptions : in place of the corselet they wear a 
shirt with full sleeves and lace ; in place of the hel- 
met they wear a hat similar to the American Colo- 
nial hat. Some of the men wear short ruffle-trim- 
med jackets over their shirts. Their weapons are 
also the lances and swords as in Tableau I. 

The "Ladies of the Chest" are dressed in the 
simpler costume of the 18th Century : the plain 
skirt, with waist caught in just above the hips ; 
the ruffles at the sleeves, which extend just below 
the elbow ; 'the broad V-shaped, linen collar; and 
the cap-like hat, with lace on it, very similar to 
some American Colonial hats. Occasionall}^, a girl 
will have a narrow velvet band tied around her 
throat with a small bow at the back of the neck. 



(21) 



The priests are wearing the straight grey dress, 
with a peaked cowl. The straight Hne of the cos- 
tume is broken by a cord which is tied at the waist, 
leaving tassels hanging. 

The Nuns are dressed similarly to the modern 
Nuns : they wear the plain black dress, and their 
headdress is like a heavy shawl falling about their 
shoulders. The underside of their headdress and 
that about their head and throat is white, while the 
remainder of the costume may be grey or black. 

Tableau III. 

McGillivray is here dressed in the costume of the 
Emperor of the Creeks and Seminoles. This cos- 
tume consists of the usual Indian feather head- 
dress, beads, and blankets ; but it is more gaudy 
than the costume of the under-chiefs. 

Washington is dressed in the usual colonial 
statesmen's costume. He wears a dark coat which 
reaches half way between the hip and knee. The 
bottom of the coat is straight and not "cut-away." 
The collar is wide, but extends only a very short 
distance down the front on either side. The end of 
the collar on either side is so cut that it is nearly 
at right angles to the line of the buttons, with a 
small pointed flap hanging at the end of either side. 
The buttons of the coat are about an inch in diam- 
eter and extend from within two inches of the col- 
lar down to the waist or a little below the waist. 

Washington's breeches are knee-breeches which 
are fastened just below his knees and which have 
small, round buckles on the side of either leg and 
just below the knee. 

Under Washington's coat may be seen an em- 
broidered silk vest. This vest comes close about 
his neck and extends about three inches below his 



(22) 



waist with a slight ''cut-away" finish. A high Hnen 
collar and a frill are about Washington's neck. His 
hose are white, while his shoes are low-quartered, 
black shoes with square buckles of silver or nickle. 

The general dress of the Americans is similar 
to Washington's, but a difference in such detail as 
color may be noticed. 

All of the Americans wear a bow on the short 
plait of hair which hangs down their back. 

Tableau IV. 

The general dress of the men in this tableau is 
as follows : 

They wear high collars with points that turn over 
on either side. Their ties are the broad, massive 
bows, generally. The shirt is a plain or stiff-bos- 
omed white shirt. A vest, with buttons running 
from the waist to a point very near the coUor, may 
be seen under the coat. All of the buttons of the 
vest are not buttoned, those near and below the col- 
lar are left unbuttoned. The coat is one that ex- 
tends to the wearer's knees. It is not "cut-away" 
but is straight bootomed. The lapers of the coat 
are extremely broad and extend down to the wear- 
er's waist, diminishing from the shoulder down to 
the waist. 

The trousers are straight, full trousers without 
cuirs. They are very long and droop slightly on the 
shoes of the wearer. 

The general color of all the coats, vests, trousers, 
and ties are black. However, variations in color 
may be adopted. 

Tableau V. 

La Fayette is wearing a coat that falls only about 
two inches below his waist. If it were buttoned it 



(23) 



would be rather close-fitting, but it is not worn but- 
toned by the Marquis. It has a row of buttons on 
either side, which extend only half way up the 
front. The lower point of the lapel begins imme- 
diately above the top button. The bottom of the 
coat is straight in the front with a swallow tail in 
the back. The vest is a very tight-fitting afifair 
which presents a straight line across the waist of 
the Marquis. The long row of vest buttons are 
fastened only half way up. Above the vest may be 
seen the linen frill and stock, while the collar is 
seen to turn over in short points at either side. 

The trousers are full at the top, tapering slightly 
towards the bottom, and are ample in length to al- 
low a slight drooping on the shoes. 

The costume of Governor Pickens is similar to 
that of LaFayette in some respects. The greatest 
difference is in the coat and neckwear of the two. 
Pickens's coat comes down to his knees all around. 
He wears a high collar with turned over edges and 
a bulky black bow. The white linen front of his 
shirt may be seen, while that of LaFayette was hid- 
den by his neckwear. Governor Pickens is holding 
a high top hat in one hand. The rest of his costume 
is similar to LaFayette's : the straight vest and 
the trousers. 

LaFayette may be wearing a high top hat. 

The military uniforms of the day were : Coatees, 
nankeen breeches, and leather caps with bell 
crowns. 

The coat collars of the officers were very high 
standing affairs, which came to the tip of either 
ear, being open in front. They stood up from the 
shoulder very stiffly. Under this collar could be 
seen the white shirt collar and the linen frill. There 



(24) 



were short lapels of a lighter color than the coat 
(the coat was generally blue while the trousers, 
collar, and all trimmings were white or buff.) The 
officers wore tassel chevrons and had straps across 
their chest. 

Tableau VI. 

The men's costumes on this occasion were : The 
long knee-length coat ; the neat low vest, with slight 
lapels on it ; the straight, lengthy trousers ; the 
standing collar, which may either turn over or not ; 
and the bow tie (at this time the bow varied in 
thickness from the thin ribbon-like bow to the thick 
bow of about two and a half inches in width.) 

The women's costumes at this time consisted of: 
a very full hoop skirt, with tucks and panels in it ; a 
small bonnet ; and, occasionally, a small lace-trim- 
med parasol. The waist of the dress was compar- 
atively small and rather high. The top line of most 
of the dresses was just above the bosom and below 
the shoulders. The sleeves were little straps, puffs, 
or a combination of the two, with variations. These 
sleeves generally came below the shoulder and were 
very meagre. 

One style of hair dressing for ladies at this time 
was that of parting the hair in the middle, the 
slight puffiing of it over each ear, and the small 
knot at the back of the head. Mrs. Davis is known 
to have worn this style of coiffure. 

The small boys wore straight, long trousers and 
short jackets, with soft round collars. Their head- 
gear was a small round hat or little cap. 

The small girls wore dresses similar to the ladies* 
clothes, but shorter and having more ruffles and 
lace. The girls are seen to be wearing long panta- 
lets. 



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Tableau VII. 

1. William Weatherford (Red Eagle) is wear- 
ing a buckskin hunting shirt, trousers and mocca- 
sins, which are fringed. His headgear is an elab- 
orate headdress of feathers. 

2. William Rufus King's costume is the same as 
that of the men described in Tableau VI. 

3. General Wheeler is dressed in the Confeder- 
ate General's uniform : the knee-length grey coat, 
with a double row of buttons down the front and 
with white cufifs and collar ; and the straight grey 
trousers. He may be holding a hat, which is turn- 
ed up on the left side and decked with plumes. (His 
beard extends about an inch below his chin and his 
mustachios are short.) 

4. Raphael Semmes wears a standing collar ; a 
broad, black, bow tie ; a stifT-bosomed white shirt ; 
a double-breasted blue coat, with grey stripes 
around the cufifs of the sleeves and with broad la- 
pels ; and straight blue trousers. 

5. John Tyler Morgan wears the dress of the 
recent or modern senator : full, long, black coat ; 
and full, long trousers. He may or may not have 
on a black felt hat. His collar is a standing collar 
and his tie ma}^ be *'four-in-hand" or bow. 

6. Hobson has on the uniform of the United 
States Naval Lieutenant : The blue jacket, with 
black inch-wide finishing on the collar, either side 
of the front, and the bottom and cuffs of the jacket. 
On either side of the front of the jacket's collar 
there is a small single bar of rank. Back of the 
jacket's collar may be seen a white standing collar. 
Hobson's hair is parted in the middle and his mus- 
tachios are full. His trousers are straight blue na- 
val trousers. 



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7. Gorgas is wearing the modern United States 
General's uniform : the khaki trousers, the leather 
boots, khaki jacket, and the General's star on either 
shoulder. 

8. BuUard wears an overseas cap, a Sam Brown 
belt, several service stripes, several medals, and the 
usual insignia and uniform of a Lieutenant General 
in the United States Army. 

Tableau VIII. 

The soldiers wear helmets, wrap leggins, khaki 
trousers, khaki jackets, and occasionally a Croix de 
Guerre or a Distinguished Service Medal. 

The "Rainbow Girls" wear dresses made up of 
horizontal and broad bands of various colored 
cloths. Their caps are lavender and in the shape of 
the French liberty caps. They carry baskets of 
roses, with ribbons hanging from the baskets. 

(Note : In describing these costumes I was 
gretly aided by Belles, Beaux and Brains of the 
Sixties, Two Centuries of Costumes in America, 
and History Stories of Alabama.) 



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